The building blocks of video walls are LED video wall panels. Each panel is made up of a grid of LED chips which are controlled together to form a high-resolution display. They come in different dimensions, pixel density, and brightness. In control rooms used for transport management or emergency management, video wall panels integrate multiple data streams, maps, and live surveillance feeds updated in real time. These walls are also found in other venues like cinemas, and concert halls to improve the visual effects of shows. The simple installation and replacement of each panel permits varied arrangements for customized sizes and shapes of video walls. Brightness and color uniformity of the entire video wall also requires thorough calibration.